Alpha - as in
Alpha Channel: Data that is added to a bitmapped
image to describe transparency. See channel.
Animation - A set of images drawn one after the other
to give the illusion of movement. It is analogous to the way an artist can draw
a slightly different figure on each page of a pad of paper so that when you
flip between sheets rapidly, the drawing appears to move.
Anti-Aliasing - A process by which the edges
of objects in a bitmapped image are smoothened to remove
the jagged, "stair-case" appearance, known as aliasing. See
Printing Images for more
information.
B
Bitmap - A computer image generated by arranging
pixels in a rectangular matrix, i.e. in rows and columns.
Bitmaps are typical of paint programs, which treat images as collections of dots
rather than as shapes. Within a computer’s memory, a bitmap is represented as a
group of numbers that describe the characteristics of the individual pixels that
make up the image. also Bitmapped Image.
Black-Point -
The darkest color that appears (or
can appear) in an image.
Blend - Mix, based on some pre-defined ratio.
Blit - short for
"Bit-Block Transfer": The process graphics programmers use to
transfer blocks of bitmapped image data from one location in memory to another
so as to achieve image transfer.
Blue-Screening - Technique of combining images
where the background of one image is removed and replaced with another image.
C
Channel - as in
Color Channels: One of the components used to describe the
color of a point, or part of a bitmapped image consisting
of that color component only. For example, an image consisting of the red
parts of all the pixels in an RGB image is
the red channel for that image; likewise for the green and blue; if
combined, these three reproduce the original image.
CMYK - A color-space that represents color
using the four components Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, and Black in different
proportions. CMYK is the color-space used by most color printers, in which
context it is commonly referred to as the four-color process.
Color-Space - A model for describing color
in terms of components referred to as color channels. See
Printing Images for more
information. also Color Model.
Composite - Chasys
Draw IES specific: An image that consists of several different
images, blended and displayed together in a manner analogous to making a
collage (a picture made by sticking pieces of paper, photographs, etc onto a
surface).
Cosmetics - as in Text Cosmetics, Chasys Draw IES specific: A method of
improving the appearance of text at low resolutions, superior to
anti-aliasing in results. See
Printing Images for more
information.
D
dSLR - short for in
digital Single Lens Reflex: Single-lens-reflex (SLR) camera
that uses a digital sensor instead of film. See SLR.
E
F
G
Grey-Point -
The average color of the entire image or the value used as a mid-point in intensity for an image.
GUI - short for Graphical User Interface:
The visible part, or "window", through which the user interacts with a
program.
Gloss Media - Chasys
Draw IES specific: Material that is printed on glossy paper at a very
high resolution, usually in excess of 1200 dpi. Gloss media shows more
visual detail than ordinary paper.
H
Harmony - as in
Color Harmony: Pleasantness and uniformity in the flow and
interaction of the different colors in an image. Generally, the more color
harmony an image has the more natural it looks.
Histogram - as in
Color Histogram or Image Histogram: A representation of the distribution
of colors in an image, derived by counting the number of pixels
with of each of given set of color ranges
for each channel in the image.
HLS - A color-space that
represents color using the three components Hue, Luminosity and Saturation in
different proportions. HLS is widely used by artists for general color
description and composition.
Heuristics - A method of solving a problem for
which no formula exists, based on informal methods or experience, and employing
a form of trial and error iteration.
Hugemap - Chasys
Draw IES specific: Very large bitmap, usually larger
than 4096 by 4096 (16.7 mega-pixels).
I
ICM - short for Image Color Matching:
A
technology for ensuring that the colors of an image produced by one device
remain unchanged when the image is reproduced on another device. See
Printing Images for more
information. also Image Color Management.
Image Stacking - Process of arranging and
combining different but same-size images of the same scene so as to create a
single better image, usually at a higher resolution or with lower noise. also
Shift-and-Add.
J
K
L
Layer - Layers can be thought of as
transparent sheets of plastic with images drawn on them, that can be stacked
on top of each other, so that you can see the lower sheets through the
transparent parts of the upper sheets. See
Introduction to Layers for more
information.
M
Mega-Pixel - Unit of measure defined as one
million (1,000,000) pixels. Used as a measure of image
resolution. also MPix.
Metadata - Data about data: descriptive
information about the elements of a set of data. Chasys Draw IES specific:
Extra non-image data attached to a layer; usually used to describing the used fonts, paths etc., which
can be retrieved and reused later.
Mipmap - See Multi-resolution.
Multi-resolution - Having or containing multiple representations of
the same image, albeit at different resolutions. Also called mipmaps.
N
O
P
Path - Series of points joined by either
lines or curves, used to define regions.
Pixel - Contraction of the phrase "picture
element"; an individual tiny dot of color that is the basic unit from which
digital images are made. One million (1,000,000) pixels make up a
mega-pixel.
Pixel Art - Graphics done with relatively
few pixels, such as bitmaps intended to be used for tiling.
Q
R
Raster Graphics - A method of generating
images using bitmaps. Images are stored as collections of
small, independently controlled dots (pixels) arranged in
rows and columns. Opposite of
vector graphics.
Resolution - The level of detail
reproducible by a bitmapped image, related to the number of
pixels (dots) used to create the image: the more pixels,
the greater the resolution. Usually expressed in of pixels,
mega-pixels or as a pixel count in the form
N x M.
RGB - A color-space that
represents color using the three components Red, Green and Blue in different
proportions. RGB is the color-space used by TVs, monitors, cameras, scanners
and projectors.
S
SLR - short for
Single Lens Reflex: A single-lens-reflex (SLR) camera uses a
single lens for both viewing the scene and taking the picture. Light comes
through the lens onto a mirror, which then reflects it through a five-sided
prism into the viewfinder. When taking a snap, a spring automatically pulls
the mirror out of the path between lens and film.
Sprite - A bitmapped image,
usually with transparent parts, that can be moved over a scene during
animation to give the impression of a moving object. Chasys
Draw IES specific: Any bitmap that has some transparent or
translucent parts.
sRGB - short for
Standardized
RGB:
A color-space, derived from RGB,
that is used as an international standard for color measurement, management
and representation. sRGB has been approved as a formal international
standard by the International Electro-technical Commission as IEC 61966-2-1
/ Default RGB Color Space.
Super-resolution (SR) - Process of using one
or more low resolution images to create an enhanced, higher resolution
image; either through heuristics or by image
stacking. There are both single-frame and multiple-frame variants of SR,
where multiple-frame are the most useful.
T
Tiling - The process of joining a single,
small graphic with copies of itself to generate a large, continuous graphic.
Usually, the edges of the graphic will be designed such that they overlap
smoothly.
U
V
Vector Graphics
- A method of generating images using mathematical descriptions of the
position, length, and direction of lines. Objects are created as collections
of lines and shapes. Opposite of
raster graphics.
W
White-Point -
The brightest color that appears (or can appear) in the image.
X
X-coordinate - Position in the horizontal
direction. Usually counted left to right.
Y
Y-coordinate - Position in the vertical
direction. Usually counted bottom to top by mathematicians, but mostly top
to bottom in computer graphics for efficient processing.
Z
Z-Order - The state of something
being in front of the other or the relationship thereof; something is said to be at the bottom of the
z-order if it is behind all other objects, and at the top if its is in front of
them.